海豹油精制及酯化过程中品质和挥发性物质变化规律的研究
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国际科技合作专项项目(2014DFA32880);浙江省重点研发项目(2017C03041)


Studies on the Changing Regularity of Quality and Volatile Substance during the Refining and Esterification of Seal Oil
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    摘要:

    海豹油作为功能性油脂的新来源,除富含EPA、DHA外,还含有增效因子DPA,具有较好的保健功能。精制及酯化作为高纯度功能性油脂生产的重要工序,对产品质量具有重要影响,研究精制及酯化过程中海豹油品质的变化对产业化具有指导意义。以海豹油为对象,以理化指标、脂肪酸组成和挥发性物质组成为指标,通过理化分析、气相色谱(GC)及顶空固相微萃取-气质联用(HS-SPME-GC-MS)等技术研究精制及酯化对海豹油品质的影响。结果表明:1)精制可显著(P<0.05)降低海豹油中的水分及挥发性物质的含量(1.65%降至0.49%)和酸价(3.11 mg KOH/g降至0.63 mg KOH/g),对海豹油过氧化物值的影响不显著;2)精制及酯化会降低海豹油中MUFA的含量,提高SFA和反式脂肪酸含量(C18:1 trans、C18:2 trans),对EPA、DPA和DHA的含量影响不大;3)从海豹油原油、精制油及酯化油中分别检测出86,50和44种挥发性物质,总峰面积分别为83.16%,60.06%和36.19%,说明精制可显著降低海豹油中挥发性物质的种类和含量,酯化工艺可显著降低海豹油中挥发性物质的含量。

    Abstract:

    Seal oil is a new source of functional fatty acids, besides being rich in DHA and EPA, also contains another important fatty acid-DPA. Therefore, seal oil has good health function. Refining and esterification are important processes for high purity functional oil, which exert important influences on the product quality. Hence, it is of great significance to study the quality changes during the processes. In this paper, the effects of refining and esterification on the quality of seal oil were evaluated by physicochemical index, fatty acid composition and volatile substance, which were determined through physicochemical analysis, GC and HS-SPME-GC-MS. The results showed that refining could significantly reduce the moisture content and volatile matter (1.65% to 0.49%) and acid value (3.11 mg KOH/g reduced to 0.63 mg KOH/g), while had no significant effect on the peroxide value. Refining and esterification reduced the content of MUFA while improved SFA and trans-fatty acid content (C18:1 trans, C18:2 trans), had little effect on the content of EPA, DPA and DHA. 86, 50 and 44 volatile substances were detected in seal oil crude oil, refined oil and ester oil, respectively, and the total peak area of volatile substances were 83.16%, 60.06% and 36.19%, respectively. This indicated that refining significantly reduced the type and content of volatile substances while the esterification significantly reduced the content of volatile substances.

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郑振霄;戴志远;彭茜;张蒙娜;沈清.海豹油精制及酯化过程中品质和挥发性物质变化规律的研究[J].中国食品学报,2019,19(9):116-126

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-10-08
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