去皮方式对黄桃渗透脱水组合干燥特性及理化品质的影响
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现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金资助 (CARS-30-5-02)


Effect of Peeling Methods on Drying Characteristics and Physico-chemical Properties of Yellow Peach Prepared by Combined Osmotic Dehydration and Drying
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    摘要:

    为探究去皮方式对黄桃渗透脱水组合干燥特性及理化品质的影响,以金童8号黄桃为原料,分别采用手工去皮、碱液去皮、超声-碱液去皮和过热蒸汽去皮处理样品,测定其果肉得率。系统分析渗透脱水过程中黄桃果肉水分损失量(WL)、固形物增加量(SG)以及热泵干燥过程中水分和干燥速率变化情况,测定黄桃果干的类胡萝卜素含量、色泽、质构、微观结构和果胶溶出率。结果表明:渗透脱水组合干燥过程中,WL和SG随时间呈非线性增加的趋势,水分比和干燥速率随时间的延长均降低, Peleg模型可较好地(R2>0.95)模拟渗透脱水过程中的WL。经超声-碱液去皮处理的黄桃果肉得率(0.96 g/g)最高,果干的类胡萝卜素含量(71.14 μg/g)和果胶溶出率(0.23 g/g)均高于其它组,色泽保持最好,即ΔE值(2.42)最小,b*最高(42.82),且硬度(2 019.54 g)和咀嚼性(1 087.72)适中。研究表明超声-碱液是一种有效的桃去皮技术。

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    In this paper, Jintong 8 yellow peaches selected as the raw material were peeled by manual peeling, lye peeling, ultrasound-lye peeling and superheated steam peeling, respectively effect of peeling methods on drying characteristics and physico-chemical properties of yellow peach by combined osmotic dehydration and heat pump drying was studied. Water loss (WL), solid gain (SG), moisture content and drying rate were analyzed and the drying characteristics of yellow peach during the combined drying processing were also achieved. The pulp yield, colour, carotenoid content, texture, microstructure and pectin dissolution were measured. Results showed that WL and SG presented the nonlinear increasing trend along with the osmotic dehydration process, meanwhile, the moisture and drying rate decreased along with the heat-pump drying process. Peleg model had a good fitness (R2 > 0.95) to the WL. The pulp yield (0.96 g/g), carotenoid content (71.14 μg/g), pectin dissolution (0.23 g/g) were higher than other groups when ultrasonic-lye peeling method was employed. The minimum ΔE value(2.42), the highest b* value (42.82), and the better hardness (2 019.54 g) and chewiness(1 087.72) were also found in yellow peaches peeled by ultrasound-lye. Therefore, ultrasound-lye could be considered as an effective peeling-processing technique.

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王凤昭;吕健;毕金峰;辛广;章印;于笑颜.去皮方式对黄桃渗透脱水组合干燥特性及理化品质的影响[J].中国食品学报,2021,21(9):121-129

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-10-19
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