Objective： To screen the hypoglycemic active constituents from the ethanol extract of Chinese bayberry pomace and evaluate their hypoglycemic activity in vivo. Methods： The AB-8 macroporous resin was used to adsorb the crude extract of Chinese bayberry pomace， and eluted with different concentrations of ethanol （10%， 30%， 50%， 70% and 90%） to screen the constituent with high bioactive component content and α-glucosidase inhibitive activity. The hypoglycemic activity in vivo was evaluated using a diabetic mouse model. Results： The total anthocyanin， total flavonoids and total phenol contents of 30% ethanol elution component （EC30） were significantly higher than other components （P<0.05）， which were 5.5， 12.4 folds and 11.4 folds higher than crude extract， respectively. The semi-inhibition concentration [IC50，（0.006 ± 0.001）mg/mL] of α-glucosidase in EC30 was significantly lower than that in crude extract [IC50， （0.056 ± 0.008） mg/mL] （P<0.05）. EC30 could alleviate the symptoms of weight loss and reduce fasting blood glucose levels in type II diabetic mice； significantly reduce total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG） and low density lipoprotein cholesterol （LDL-c） levels in diabetic mice （P<0.05） and reduce oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase （SOD）. etc. In addition， EC30 had a certain repairing effect on liver and kidney cells damaged by diabetic mice. Conclusion： EC30 had the highest bioactive component contents and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity， and it could alleviate type II diabetes by improving glucose metabolic pathways and reducing oxidative stress in mice.