提取方法对马铃薯渣果胶多糖组成及分子链构象的影响
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宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目 (2018NCFS0008)


Effects of Extraction Methods on Chemical Composition and Chain Morphology of Potato Pulp Pectic Polysaccharide
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    摘要:

    采用酸(柠檬酸)、碱(氢氧化钠)、酶(多聚半乳糖醛酸水解酶)3种方法从马铃薯渣中提取果胶多糖,研究不同提取方法对多糖得率、单糖组成、酯化度、分子质量及分子链构象的影响。结果表明:3种提取方法得到的马铃薯渣果胶多糖均以富含半乳糖侧链的鼠李半乳糖醛酸聚糖I(RG-I)结构为主。其中,碱提果胶多糖得率最高(23.1%),其次为酸提(11.7%)和酶提(6.0%)。3种果胶多糖甲酯化度均较低(0~7.5%),而乙酰化度较高,且酸提和酶提马铃薯渣果胶多糖的乙酰化度高于碱提(分别为13.6%,10.7%,6.6%)。分子质量分析结果表明,酶提果胶多糖的分子质量最高(1 706.3 ku),且分布最窄。通过Mark-Houwink-Sakurada方程判断:酶提果胶多糖的分子链形态较为聚集,接近球状构象;酸提果胶多糖介于球状和线团状构象之间;碱提果胶多糖分子链形态最为疏松,呈无规线团状构象。

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    Acid (citric acid), alkaline (sodium hydroxide) and enzymatic (endo-galacturonase) methods were applied in present study to extract pectic polysaccharide from potato pulp. The effects of the three extract methods on the yield, monosaccharide composition, esterification degree, molar mass and chain morphology of potato pulp pectic polysaccharides were evaluated. Results indicated that three potato pulp pectic polysaccharides were all rich in rhamnogalacturonan-I (RG-I) structure with large amount of galactan side chain. The highest yield was obtained by alkaline extracted pectic polysaccharide (23.1%), followed by the acid extracted (11.7%) and the enzymatic extracted (6.0%). All the three had very low degree of methylation (DM) (0 to 7.5%), while the degree of acetylation (DA) were all relatively higher than traditional citrus pectin. DA for potato pulp pectic polysaccharides extracted by acid and enzymatic methods were higher (respectively as 13.6% and 10.7%) than that in the alkaline extracted (6.6%). The highest molecular weight was observed in pectic polysaccharide extracted by enzymatic method (1 706.3 ku) with the narrowest distribution. Mark-Howink-Sakurada equation obtained by laser scattering method determined that potato pulp pectic polysaccharide extracted by enzyme had a high degree of branching, and the chain morphology was the most concentrated and closest to the spherical conformation. The morphology of pectic polysaccharide extracted by acid was between sphere and coil, while the morphology of the alkaline extracted was relatively loose and showed as a conformation of random coil.

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孙玮璇;田金虎;陈健乐;陈士国;刘东红;叶兴乾.提取方法对马铃薯渣果胶多糖组成及分子链构象的影响[J].中国食品学报,2021,21(7):216-224

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-08-12
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