液熏高水分挤压组织化植物蛋白加工工艺优化
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(1.黑龙江省农业科学院食品加工研究所 哈尔滨 150086;2.哈尔滨市农产品质量安全检验检测中心 哈尔滨 150070;3.黑龙江省农业科学院生物技术研究所 哈尔滨 150028)

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Processing Technology Optimization of Liquid-smoked High Moisture Extrusion Textured Plant Protein
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(1.Food Processing Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086;2.Harbin Examine and Inspection Center for Agricultural Products Safety and Quality, Harbin 150070;3.Biotechnology Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150028)

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    摘要:

    以高水分挤压组织化植物蛋白为原料,感官综合评分为指标,运用单因素结合响应面法对其液熏工艺进行优化,确定了最佳工艺参数:液熏温度45 ℃,液熏时间150 min,烟熏液体积份数5.7%,在此条件下感官综合评分87.4分,制备的液熏高水分挤压组织化植物蛋白呈有光泽的烟熏色,组织紧密,富有弹性,且烟熏味浓郁。品质分析表明,液熏后的高水分挤压组织化植物蛋白主要营养成分无明显变化;理化性质发生一定程度的变化,色差的L*值下降,a*值和b*值均增加,呈有光泽的烟熏色,有效酸度略有下降,质构的硬度、胶黏性和咀嚼性有所降低,而弹性略有增加。挥发性风味物质中增加酚类化合物等6类物质,其中,酚类化合物相对含量为17.668%,而其它类化合物在种类和相对含量上有一定的变化,改善了产品的品质。液熏前、后的安全指标无明显变化,菌落总数均较低,大肠菌群和苯并芘均未检出。结论:制备的液熏高水分挤压组织化植物蛋白具有较高的品质。

    Abstract:

    It was to develop liquid-smoked products with high moisture extrusion textured plant protein as the raw material. On the basis of a single factor, the response surface method was utilized to optimize the liquid-smoked process as using sensory comprehensive score as the indicator. The optimal conditions were concluded as follows: liquid-smoked temperature 45 ℃, liquid-smoked time 150 min, and volume fraction of liquid-smoked 5.7%. The actual sensory comprehensive score was 87.4 under the optimal conditions. The prepared liquid-smoked high moisture extrusion textured plant protein had the characteristics of smoky color with luster, tightly organized, rich in elasticity and strong smoky flavor. The product quality was analyzed by investigating the changes of the main nutrients, physical and chemical properties and safety indexes of high moisture extrusion textured plant protein before and after liquid-smoked. The result showed that there was no significant change in the main nutritional components. But the physical and chemical properties changed to a certain extent. The L* value of color difference decreased, a* and b* value increased, which was showing smoky color with luster. There was a slight decrease in effective acidity. The hardness, stickiness and chewiness of texture were decreased, but the elasticity increased slightly. The volatile flavor compounds increased the six compounds including phenolic compounds which were 17.668%, and other compounds had certain changes in the type and relative content. All these could improve the quality of products. There was no significant change in safety indicators. The total number of colonies was both low, and the coliforms and benzopyrene were not detected. Therefore, the prepared liquid-smoked high moisture extrusion textured plant protein has superior quality. This study can provide reliable data support for the development, utilization and market promotion of high moisture extrusion textured plant protein.

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李家磊,管立军,高扬,严松,王崑仑,王春丽,李晓娟,卢淑雯,李波,周野.液熏高水分挤压组织化植物蛋白加工工艺优化[J].中国食品学报,2022,22(11):214-227

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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-12-28
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