催化式红外辐射对葡萄籽灭菌的影响
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国家自然科学基金面上项目(31471708)


Effect of Catalytic Infrared Radiation on Pasteurization of Grape Seeds
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    摘要:

    通过催化式红外辐射技术处理浸渍发酵后的葡萄籽,研究红外辐射联合保温处理对葡萄籽灭菌效果的影响。随着红外辐射时间和保温时间的延长,保温温度升高,葡萄籽中细菌总数迅速下降,其中红外辐射98 s、75℃保温60 min处理葡萄籽,灭菌效果最好,葡萄籽中细菌总数降到1.66 lg CFU/g,比单独红外辐射处理的葡萄籽降低43.14%,比未处理的葡萄籽降低了65.99%;葡萄籽表征红色程度的a*值和表征黄色程度的b*值分别为12.31~13.48和13.22~14.47,色差E值为2.14~5.26,表明葡萄籽处理前、后色泽差异小。葡萄籽油得率随着保温温度的升高和保温时间的延长而提高,其中葡萄籽油得率最高达10.39%,比未处理葡萄籽提高了46.96%。试验各处理提取的葡萄籽油酸值、过氧化值和碘值均符合联合国粮食及农业组织(FAO)对初榨葡萄籽油制定的标准。经综合评价,当红外辐射处理葡萄籽98 s、75℃保温处理60 min时,葡萄籽灭菌效果最好,葡萄籽油得率最高,葡萄籽的色泽保持较好。

    Abstract:

    The effects of infrared radiation combined with heat preservation on the pasteurization of grape seed were studied by catalytic infrared radiation technique. The results showed that the total number of bacteria in the grape seed decreased rapidly with the increase of the infrared radiation time and the holding time. After 98 s of infrared radiation and then holding at 75 ℃ for 60 min, the total number of bacteria in the grape seed decreased to 1.66 lg (CFU/g, which was 43.14% lower than that of grape seeds treated by infrared radiation only and 65.99% lower than that of the untreated grape seeds. The a* values and b* values of grape seeds were 12.31-13.48 and 13.22-14.47, respectively. The color difference (E) was 2.14-5.26, which indicated that the color change of grape seeds was small after infrared radiation treatment. The extraction rate of grape seed oil increased with the increase of temperature and the holding time, and the oil yield of grape seeds could rise to 10.39% (d.b.), which was 46.96% higher than that of untreated grape seeds. In the present study, the oil acid values, peroxide values and iodine values of grape seeds were all in accordance with FAO's standard. Consequently, the highest rate of bacteria reduction and the highest oil yield of grape seeds were obtained, and the color of the grape seeds was kept well when the grape seeds were treated with 75 s of infrared radiation and holding at 75 ℃ for 60 min.

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付瑞鹏;王华;张昂;李华;.催化式红外辐射对葡萄籽灭菌的影响[J].中国食品学报,2019,19(10):150-156

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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-11-21
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