The physicochemical properties including proximate compositions， molecular weight distribution and amino acid compositions， and in vitro antioxidant activities of abalone visceral peptide （AVP） were investigated. In vivo antioxidant activities of AVP were evaluated using a D-galactose induced oxidative damage mice model. Animals were divided into normal and model control groups， and low-， middle-， and high-dose groups （125， 250， and 500 mg/kg AVP）， as well as GSH groups. In addition to the main component of protein， the AVP also contained 5.11% polysaccharide and a small amount of minerals. It was found that the peptide components at molecular weight of 180-500 u were main fractions. The hydrophobic amino acid and branched chain amino acid contents in the complete amino acids of AVP were 49.77% and 22.92%， respectively. The EC50 values of both hydroxyl and DPPH radical scavenging activity of AVP were 1.54 mg/mL and 1.51 mg/mL， respectively. Furthermore， the lipid peroxidation inhibitory effect of AVP was better than that of vitamin C. On the other hand， AVP could improve the activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD） in serum and liver of the aging mice induced by D-galactose， decrease the malondialdehyde （MDA） content in serum， and attenuate the morphological damage in liver tissue. It was concluded that AVP prepared from abalone viscera had good antioxidant activity， and the AVP could be used as a natural antioxidant in the biological product and food industries.