Objective： It was evaluated that the effect and genes related to hepatic cholesterol metabolism of Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS strain on the cholesterol metabolism in hyperlipidemia mice. Method： Health C57BL/6 male mice， as objects， were divided into control group， model group， low-dose group， high-dose group and pravastatin group， which were respectively given normal saline， Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0386 bacteria suspension and pravastatin solution by gavage for 4 consecutive weeks. The serum levels of total cholesterol （TC）， triglyceride （TG）， low density lipoprotein-cholesterol （LDL-C） and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol （HDL-C） were determined on the 28th day of the experiment. The genes related to hepatic cholesterol metabolism （HMGCR， LDLR， SREBP2， CYP7A1， FXR） were investigated in mice. Results： After 4 weeks administration， compared with mice fed a high-cholesterol diet without lactic acid bacteria supplementation， there was a significant（P<0.05） decrease in TG， the total cholesterol and LDL-C levels in the serum， and the mice fed the KLDS1.0386 diet had significantly （P<0.05） the down-regulation of HMGCR and FXR （P<0.05） and the up-regulation of CYP7A1 （P<0.05）. Concluton： Lactobacillus plantarum KLDS1.0386 has probiotic potential as indicated by its hypocholesterolemic effect both in vivo， it could be as the probiotics with cholesterol-lowering activity.