酸碱对大豆油脂中反式脂肪酸的影响
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黑龙江省省属高校科技成果研发项目(TSTAU-R2018010);国家“十三五”攻关课题项目(2018YFD0401101)


strong acid; strong base; soybean oil: trans fatty acid; energy
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    摘要:

    以常规加热为对照组,通过气相色谱法分析H_3PO_4处理或NaOH处理对非共轭亚油酸(C18∶2)的热诱导顺/反异构化的分子机制。由加热试验可知,C18∶2-9c, 12t和C18∶2-9t, 12c为加热大豆油脂中的主要反式异构体。随着加热温度逐渐升高、加热时间的逐渐增强,反式亚油酸含量随之增加。3种油样加热后产生反式脂肪酸的量的排序为:NaOH处理后油样>H_3PO_4处理后油样>未处理油样。在加热过程中,生成单反式亚油酸的量高于生成双反式亚油酸的量。在温度260℃加热8 h时,经NaOH处理的加热油脂产生的单反式亚油酸(C18∶2-9c,12t)最多,达1.222%。通过Gauss软件对油脂中的双键进行分析,可知常规加热形成C18∶2-9t,12t需要跨越能量分别为235.986,223.846 kJ/mol两个能垒,而当油脂进行H_3PO_4处理或NaOH处理后产生的反式亚油酸的能垒降低,表明H3PO4处理或NaOH处理均会增加加热油脂反式异构体的几率,其中NaOH处理的影响最大。

    Abstract:

    The molecular mechanism of the heat-induced cis / trans isomerization of non-conjugated linoleic acid (C18∶2) by alkali treatment and acid treatment was analyzed by gas chromatography with conventional heating as the control group. From the heating test, C18∶2-9c,12t and C18∶2-9t,12c are the main trans isomers in the heating of soybean oil. With the heating temperature gradually increased, the heating time gradually increased, the trans-linoleic acid content also increased, three kinds of oil samples after heating to produce trans fatty acids in the order: alkali treatment oil sample > acid treatment oil sample > Untreated oil sample. In the process of heating, the amount of monovalent linoleic acid produced is higher than the amount of bis-trans linoleic acid produced. When heated at 260 ℃ for 8 h, the amount of mono-functional linoleic acid (C18∶2-9c,12t) produced by heating oil after NaOH treatment, Up to 1.222%. It is found that C18∶2-9t and 12t are required to pass two energy barriers of 235.986 kJ/mol and 223.846 kJ/mol, respectively. The results showed that strong acid treatment or alkali treatment increased the chance of heating the trans isomers of oil, and the effect of strong alkali treatment was the strongest.

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于殿宇;唐洪琳;周琪;刘竞阳;徐博;王利;罗淑年;秦兰霞;王立琦;.酸碱对大豆油脂中反式脂肪酸的影响[J].中国食品学报,2020,20(3):74-80

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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-04-14
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