The free radical scavenging rate， iron ion chelating ability and total reducing capacity of truffles were tested to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of truffle extracts， and the extracts with the best antioxidant capacity were screened out. And then explore the effects of truffle on C. elegans. The results showed that there were significant differences in the antioxidant capacity of different polar extracts of truffle， and the comprehensive antioxidant capacity was ranked as follows： water extract > methanol extract > ethyl acetate extract > petroleum ether extract. The treatment with 50 μg/mL truffle water extract could increase the average lifespan of nematodes by 31.86% and fecundity by 36.55%， and prolong the lifespan of C. elegans in acute heat stress and acute oxidative stress environments by 28.70% and 59.52% respectively. This study provided ideas and theoretical support for the use of truffles for fine and deep processing.