Camel milk is known as “Desert Platinum”， it has unique nutritional value and functional properties. Analyzing the protein components of camel milk， it was found that the content of protective protein in camel milk is significantly higher than in the milk. Camel milk protein provides a lot of amino acid nutrition， more importantly， it contains many active peptides with potential physiological functions. Encrypted amino acid sequences in camel milk proteins released bioactive peptides， which had anti-microbial， anti-oxidant， anti-hypertensive， anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions to regulate the physiological functions of the body through the hydrolysis of specific proteases or fermentation of strains. This article reviewed the components of camel milk protein and its bacteriostatic peptides， antioxidant peptides and ACE inhibitory peptides were released through specific protease hydrolysis and strain fermentation.