新型模式平台——蜜蜂用于肠道菌群与营养健康研究
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国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFA0906500);国家自然科学基金项目(31870472)


Honey Bee as a New Model for Gut Microbiota and Host Health Research
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    摘要:

    人体的肠道菌群与营养物质的消化吸收、免疫调节以及疾病的发生、发展等密切相关,也因此肠道被认为是人体一个重要“器官”。从肠道微生物的角度出发,探讨食品营养价值、相关疾病发生机制及开发新的干预防治手段,已成为当前食品与医学领域的研究热点。当前研究的模式动物大多为鼠、斑马鱼、果蝇等,而其肠道菌群存在组成复杂,结构稳定性差,操作繁琐等问题。蜜蜂肠道菌群组成简单、特异,在功能、结构等方面与人的肠道具有诸多共性,已作为研究肠道菌群功能的优良模式平台。此外,蜜蜂具备多种相关健康疾病表型,可作为研究肠道微生物与宿主间相互作用的新模型。本文总结了蜜蜂的相关生物特性及其肠道微生物的特点,并从肥胖、糖尿病、神经退行性疾病等方面综述蜜蜂作为模式动物研究食品营养、疾病发生机制等的优势,提出饮食干预构建蜜蜂疾病评价模型的方法,总结典型研究的模式思路,为蜜蜂作为新型模式平台来研究肠道微生物与食品营养、健康疾病的关系提供了全新视角。

    Abstract:

    The human gut microbiota is closely related to the digestion and absorption of nutrients, immune regulation, as well as the occurrence and development of diseases. It has been considered as an important "organ" of the human body. Exploring dietary nutrition, mechanism of related diseases, intervention and prevention methods from the perspective of gut microbes have become main research focus. Mice, rat, zebrafish, fruit flies etc. are commonly used as model organisms in current research, but their gut microbiota show complex composition, poor stability and are difficult to operate. Honey bee gut possessed a simple yet specific gut microbiota, which showed similarities to that of human. It has been used as a good model for studying the function of gut microbiota. In addition, honey bee has a variety of related disease phenotypes, which can be used as a promising model to study the interaction between gut microbes and the host. This article summarized the characteristics of honey bee intestinal microbes. The advantages of honeybees as a model organism to study food nutrition, disease mechanisms and dietary interventions in the cases of obesity, diabetes, and neurodegenerative diseases were discussed. Methods for studying the microbiota has been introduced as a conceptual framework with honey bee as the model organism. This will provide a promising foundation to study gut microbiota, food nutrition, and health diseases.

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郎浩宇;王小斐;陈芳;廖小军;胡小松;郑浩.新型模式平台——蜜蜂用于肠道菌群与营养健康研究[J].中国食品学报,2020,20(12):311-319

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-01-12
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