多食材替代亚硝酸盐对腊肉挥发性风味的影响
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国家自然科学基金项目(32072195,41406165,41641052);浙江省公益技术研究计划项目(LGN19C200011);宁波市公益性计划项目(202002N3068)


Effects of Multi-Ingredients for Nitrite on the Volatile Flavor Compounds in Cured Meat
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    摘要:

    采用发酵乳杆菌RC4、植物乳杆菌B6、红曲红、甜菜红、nisin、维生素E以及各种调味物质替代亚硝酸盐制得零添加亚硝酸盐腊肉。测定零添加亚硝酸盐腊肉、只添加食盐腌制的腊肉、添加食盐和亚硝酸盐腌制的腊肉的感官评分、亚硝酸盐、挥发性风味物质,并用电子鼻检测3种腊肉在挥发性风味上的差异及香气活力值(OAV),分析、评价各化合物对腊肉总体风味的贡献。结果表明:零添加亚硝酸盐腊肉总体可接受度最高,亚硝酸盐含量为0.64 mg/kg,显著低于其它组腊肉。挥发性风味物质种类和含量均为最高,关键挥发性成分包括D-柠檬烯、壬醛、(E,E)-2,4-癸二烯醛、1-辛烯-3-醇、茴香脑。电子鼻能较好地区分3组腊肉的总体气味。以多种食材替代亚硝酸盐,开发零添加亚硝酸盐腊肉,突破了在腊肉中添加亚硝酸盐的瓶颈技术,既能降低腊肉的亚硝酸盐含量,又能改善其品质和风味。这为传统腌制品的转型升级提供了新思路。

    Abstract:

    In this study, no-added nitrite cured meat was prepared by using Lactobacillus fermentum RC4, Lactobacillus plantarum B6 as starter, red yeast red, beet red, nisin, vitamin E and various flavoring substances instead of nitrite. The sensory score, nitrite content, volatile flavor of the 3 kinds of meat (no-added nitrite cured meat, only salt-added cured meat, salt and nitrite-added cured meat) were measured. The electronic nose was used to detect the differences in volatile flavor components of 3 kinds of cured meat and odor activity value (OAV) analysis was used to evaluate the contribution of each compound to the overall flavor of cured meat. The results shows that no-added-nitrite cured meat has the highest overall acceptability; the nitrite content is 0.64 mg/kg, which is significantly lower than other groups; the spices and contents of volatile flavor components are the highest in the 3 groups cured meat, and the key volatile components include D-limonene and nonanal, (E,E)-2,4-decadienal, 1-octene-3-ol, anethole. The 3 groups of cured meat can be well distinguished from the overall smell by electronic nose. The bottleneck technology that adding nitrite for preparing cured meat was broken through by developing a no-added nitrite cured meat processing technology by using multi-ingredients to substitute for nitrite in this work, the quality and flavor of cured meat were improved as well, which provided a new idea for transforming and upgrading for traditional cured meat products.

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黄苓;孙震;曾小群;潘道东;何俊;沈建良.多食材替代亚硝酸盐对腊肉挥发性风味的影响[J].中国食品学报,2021,21(3):324-333

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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-04-19
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