Metabolic disorders caused by obesity can lead to a series of metabolic diseases， such as hypertension， hyperlipidemia， diabetes and so on. They also increase the risk of neurological diseases， such as cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage. Serious cases can lead to death. With the wide application of microbial macrogenomics， transcriptome and other new technologies such as high-throughput sequencing in the study of intestinal microorganisms in obese people， the relationship between intestinal microorganisms and obesity and its regulatory mechanism have gradually been recognized. Studies have shown that regulating intestinal microorganisms in obese people can improve fat storage and intestinal mucosal permeability， thereby alleviating the body's obesity symptoms. In recent years， it has been found that intestinal microorganisms with regulating effect on obesity may play an important role in the next generation of probiotics such as Bacillus mimetica and Ackermania besides Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium， which are traditional concepts. This paper reviews the recent studies on obesity， intestinal microflora， next generation probiotics and their effects on fertilizer by scholars at home and abroad. The latest research progress and development trend in the regulation mechanism of obesity are expected to provide reference for further accelerating the research and application of next generation probiotics to intervene and improve the occurrence and development of obesity and improve human health.