Objective： The protective effects of swimming bladder peptides （SWP） from cod on premature senescence human embryonic lung diploid fibroblast （2BS） cells were studied. Methods： 2BS cells were used to establish the model of precocious senescence induced by H2O2. Different concentrations of SWP were added to the precocious senescence cells and resveratrol was used as positive control. The proliferation rate， the cellular apoptosis， the content of β-galactosidase， the level of ROS and the content of peroxidase were measured. Results： Compared with model control group， the survival rates of cells treated with SWP and resveratrol was improved， the ROS level and cellular apoptosis were decreased. Besides， the activities of SOD and CAT were increased and the content of MDA was decreased. The protective effect of swimming bladder peptides was positively correlated with the dose administrated. Conclusion： SWP possessed the ability of relieving premature senescence of 2BS cells induced by H2O2 and partly reducing oxidative damage.