In order to analyze the fungal communities structures and diversity in Shanxi aged vinegar Daqu， the total DNAs of the mature Daqu sample were extracted. And the Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing technology combined with the fungal ITS sequence was used to analyze the fungal community structure and diversity of the Daqu. The results showed that， the fungus in Daqu were rich， including Ascomycota， Basidiomycota， and Zygomycota at phyla level. Ascomycota was dominant phylum， and its abundance was 94.74%. The proportion of Basidiomycota and Zygomycota were 2.70% and 2.51%， respectively. A total of 26 fungi were detected at a genus level in the mature Daqu from Shanxi aged vinegar. The main fungi were Candida （35.24%）， Wickerhamomyces （11.11%）， Aspergillus （27.57%）， Alternaria （9.34%）， Saccharomyces （2.11%）， Cryptococcus （1.13%）， Lichtheimia （1.14%） and Rhizopus （1.04%）. These results not only systematically reflected the diversity of fungal communities of Shanxi aged vinegar Daqu， but also were valuable for revealing the fermentation mechanism of Shanxi aged vinegar.