Lactic acid bacteria （LAB） bacteriocins are ribosomally synthesized peptides with antibacterial activity. Class II bacteriocins have a broad antibacterial spectrum and high antibacterial activity. However， large-scale production has not yet been achieved due to the low yield under natural conditions and few studies on the mechanisms of their biosynthesis and regulation. In order to deeply understand the biosynthesis and regulation mechanisms of class II bacteriocins， this paper reviewed biosynthesis gene structure， polypeptide structure， bactericidal mechanism， immune and regulatory mechanisms of class II bacteriocins. Besides， their application in food preservation was also summarized.