The abuse of antibiotics leads to the frequent emergence of multiple drug resistance， which brings new challenges to the medical environment. The exchange of genetic material between DNA in different organisms or cells promotes the exchange and recombination of genetic material， so that drug-resistant genes evolve to adapt to the new drug-resistant environment. Direct contact between humans and animals as well as some biological substances may cause rapid transmission of resistant bacteria between hosts. The early stage of infection is a period of high risk and can enter families and communities through close contact. There can also be indirect exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistant genes in the food chain through contact or consumption of contaminated food. Resistant genes can spread throughout the food chain， remaining partially active in humans and animals and spreading as metabolites are released into new environments. Understanding the spread of drug resistance genes in the food chain， so as to carry out risk management， infection and other related safety problems play a crucial role. Monitoring systems at different levels and fields should be set up to monitor the production， circulation and use of antibiotics at all stages， and the information obtained in various fields should be combined to jointly deal with the spread of drug-resistant genes.