The homeostasis of intestinal flora can promote various physiological functions of human body. However， intestinal flora disorders are easily caused by external stimulation， and the imbalance of intestinal flora can lead to obesity， diabetes， inflammatory bowel disease and a series of diseases. Dietary interventions can improve imbalance of intestinal flora， especially fruits and vegetables， which are rich in phytochemicals and interact with intestinal flora to positively regulate intestinal flora through direct regulation and/ or indirect stimulation of the production of metabolites， thereby promoting human health. In this paper， the interaction between fruits or vegetables and intestinal flora was systematically introduced based on the regulation of fruits and vegetables on intestinal flora and the decomposition of fruits and vegetables by intestinal flora， and its health effects are also reviewed. It will provide theoretical guidance for regulating intestinal flora and health by fruits or vegetables.