Garlic fructan is a heteropolysaccharide with the highest content， stable properties and low molecular weight in garlic. It is mainly composed of fructose and glucose. It belongs to 1-sucrose fructan， which not only has excellent physical and chemical properties and various biological activities， but also has excellent processing performance and health care functions. It can be used in condiments， meat products， dairy products， grain processing products， health food and other fields. In order to further understand the potential utilization value of garlic fructans， this article reviewed the extraction methods and procedures， structural characteristics， common determination methods， physical and chemical properties， biological activities and other research progress related to garlic fructans. Some problems in the research of garlic fructan were analyzed， which provided a basis for its further research and development.