改性处理对绿豆皮膳食纤维结构及功能特性的影响
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(1.吉林农业大学食品科学与工程学院 长春 130118;2.农业农村部食用菌加工技术集成科研基地 长春 130118;3.吉林省粮食精深加工与高效利用工程研究中心 长春 130118;4.吉林省粮食精深加工与副产物高效利用技术创新重点实验室 长春 130118)

作者简介:

刘鸿铖(1987—),男,博士,讲师

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基金项目:

吉林省教育厅科学技术研究项目(JJKH20210 344KJ);吉林省科技发展计划项目(202005 02001NC,20200403165SF)


Effects of Modification on the Structure and Functional Properties of Dietary Fiber in Mung Bean Skin
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(1.College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun 130118;2.Scientific Research Base of Edible Mushroom Processing Technology Integration of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Changchun 130118;3.Engineering Research Center of Grain Deep-processing and High-effeciency Utilization of Jilin Province,Changchun 130118;4.Key Laboratory of Technological Innovations for Grain Deep-processing and High-effeciency Utilization of By-products of Jilin Province, Changchun 130118)

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    摘要:

    以绿豆皮膳食纤维为试验对象,采用挤出改性、酶解改性、挤出-酶解复合改性3种处理方式对其进行改性处理。以持水力、持油力、膨胀力、阳离子交换能力、吸附葡萄糖能力和吸附胆固醇能力为评价指标,研究改性处理对绿豆皮膳食纤维功能特性的影响。以扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射和傅里叶变换红外光谱法表征改性处理对绿豆皮膳食纤维结构的影响。结果表明:挤出-酶解复合改性处理的效果最明显,其功能特性得到显著改善,持水力、持油力、膨胀力、阳离子交换能力、吸附葡萄糖能力分别是未改性绿豆皮膳食纤维的1.46,1.15,1.87,6.98,1.66倍;在pH 2和pH 7条件下对胆固醇的吸附能力分别达(2.38±0.05)mg/(mL·g)和(3.45±0.12)mg/(mL·g)。扫描电子显微镜观察结果表明,挤出-酶解复合改性处理后的绿豆皮膳食纤维表面结构粗糙、疏松,出现多层褶皱或多孔性特征。X射线衍射、傅里叶变换红外光谱结果表明,挤出-酶解复合改性处理后的绿豆皮膳食纤维的相对结晶度最低,各纤维素组分重新分布,部分不溶性膳食纤维(IDF)向可溶性膳食纤维(SDF)转化。结论:挤出-酶解复合改性处理是一种改性膳食纤维的较好方法,可为提高绿豆皮膳食纤维的利用率和进一步开发利用其营养价值提供理论依据。

    Abstract:

    The dietary fiber in mung bean skin was used as an experimental object in this experiment. In order to improve functional properties of dietary fiber in mung bean skin, we examined the effect of extrusion and/or enzymatic hydrolysis treatment on water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, cation exchange capacity, glucose adsorption capacity and cholesterol adsorption capacity of skin dietary fiber in mung bean. We also investigated the effect on structural properties of dietary fiber in mung bean skin by scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The results showed that the combined treatment could more significantly modify the properties of dietary fiber in mung bean skin than either treatment alone. Compared with the dietary fiber in mung bean skin before and after modification, the water holding capacity, oil holding capacity, swelling capacity, cation exchange capacity and glucose adsorption capacity were enhanced by 1.46, 1.15, 1.87, 6.98 and 1.66 times in the combined treatment group, respectively. The cholesterol adsorption capacity was (2.38±0.05) mg/(mL·g) at pH 2, and (3.45±0.12) mg/(mL·g) at pH 7. The results of scanning electron microscope analysis indicated that the surface structure of dietary fiber in mung bean skin after combined treatment was loose, and more wrinkles and porous characteristics appeared. X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that the relative crystallinity of dietary fiber in mung bean skin after combined treatment was the lowest, and some cellulose components were redistributed to transform into soluble dietary fiber (SDF). Therefore, extrusion combined with enzymatic hydrolysis treatment can be used as a better method to modify dietary fiber, providing theoretical basis for improving the utilization rate of dietary fiber in mung bean skin and further exploiting its nutritional value.

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刘鸿铖,樊红秀,赵鑫,张闪闪,刘婷婷,王大为.改性处理对绿豆皮膳食纤维结构及功能特性的影响[J].中国食品学报,2022,22(9):82-91

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  • 收稿日期:2021-09-01
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-10-26
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