A THz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) technology with transmission mode combined with principle component analysis (PCA) was established to identify and detect the three nereistoxin-related pesticide (cartap， bensultap and monosultap) residues in rice powder. The characteristic absorption peaks of cartap， bensultap and monosultap were obtained in the matrix of polyethylene and served as the basis for both discrimination and detection， and the THz absorbance of cartap， bensultap and monosultap in the matrix of rice powder was analyzed by PCA. A good linear relationship was observed between the absorbance of cartap， bensultap and monosultap (at the characteristic absorption peaks of 1.95， 1.19 and 1.70 THz， respectively) and corresponding quality score over the range of 0.002%-16.667% with a correlation coefficient over 0.9599. Three nereistoxin-related pesticides at the adding quality score of 0.002% could be successfully discriminated with the help of PCA. The results showed that the proposed method was sample and fast for the discrimination and detection of nereistoxin-related pesticide residues in the matrix of rice， which could provide experimental basis for the application of THz-TDS technology in agricultural products monitoring.