3种常用剁椒加工品种的质构品质及果胶特性
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(1.湖南农业大学食品科学技术学院 长沙 410128;2.湖南省农科院农产品加工研究所 长沙 410125;3.湖南坛坛香食品科技有限公司 长沙 410128)

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国家自然科学基金项目(31601525);湖南省重点研发计划项目(2020NK2027);湖南省自然科学基金项目(20191J50256);长沙市杰出创新青年培养计划(KQ1905025)


Texture Qualities and Pectin Characteristics of Three Pepper Varieties for Fermentation Minced Pepper Processing
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(1.College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128;2.Institute of Agricultural Products Processing, Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changsha 410125;3.Hunan Tantanxiang Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Changsha 410128)

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    摘要:

    以目前3种最常用的剁椒加工品种“艳红”“天宇”和“金塔”为原料,对其质构品质和果胶特性进行研究。结果表明:同“艳红”和“天宇”相比,“金塔”在果长、果重、含水率以及表面微观结构等方面均存在差异,其果实大,含水率高,细胞组织结构排列稀疏。此外,“金塔”硬度、黏力和黏性均为最高,与“艳红”和“天宇”间存在显著差异(P < 0.05)。对于果胶特性,“金塔”的水溶性果胶(WSP)和碱溶性果胶(SSP)含量最高,且WSP分子质量也较高,而螯合性果胶(CSP)含量、CSP和SSP分子质量则较低。“金塔”WSP鼠李糖、CSP和SSP阿拉伯糖含量显著高于“艳红”和“天宇”(P < 0.05),CSP鼠李糖含量低于“艳红”和“天宇”,SSP鼠李糖和WSP阿拉伯糖含量低于“天宇”而高于“艳红”。相关性分析表明,辣椒硬度与WSP含量、SSP含量和WSP分子质量间均呈极显著正相关(P < 0.01)。总之,相比于“艳红”和“天宇”,“金塔”具有较高的WSP含量,而其CSP含量、CSP和SSP分子质量较低,细胞结构不稳定,在加工及贮藏过程中易发生水分散失和果胶降解,引起果实软化。相比于“金塔”,“艳红”和“天宇”可能更有利于维持剁椒产品的质构品质。

    Abstract:

    The texture qualities and pectin characteristics of three pepper varieties for fermentation minced pepper (FMP) processing were studied, including ‘Yanhong’, ‘Tianyu’ and ‘Jinta’. The results showed compared with ‘Yanhong’ and ‘Tianyu’, the differences in fruit length, fruit weight, moisture content and surface microstructure of ‘Jinta’ were found. Among of them, ‘Jinta’ showed larger size, higher moisture content, and sparse tissue structure. In addition, the hardness, stickiness and stickiness of ‘Jinta’ were the highest in three pepper varieties, which were significantly different from those of ‘Yanhong’ and ‘Tianyu’ (P < 0.05). For pectin characteristics, ‘Jinta’ presented higher water soluble pectin (WSP) and sodium carbonate solute pectin (SSP) content and molecular weight of WSP than others, and lower CSP content and molecular weight of CSP and SSP. The content of WSP rhamnose, CSP and SSP arabinose in ‘Jinta’ was significantly higher than that in ‘Yanhong’ and ‘Tianyu’ (P < 0.05), the content of CSP rhamnose was lower than that of ‘Yanhong’ and ‘Tianyu’, the content of SSP rhamnose and WSP arabinose was lower than ‘Tianyu’ but higher than ‘Yanhong’. The correlation analysis showed that there were extremely positive correlations between hardness and WSP content, SSP content and WSP molecular weight (P < 0.01). Overall, compared with ‘Yanhong’ and ‘Tianyu’, ‘Jinta’ showed high WSP content, low CSP content and molecular weight of CSP and SSP, which led to the instability of cell structure and further induced water loss and pectin degradation during processing and preservation. Therefore, ‘Yanhong’ and ‘Tianyu’ were more suitable for maintaining the texture qualities of FMP compared with ‘Jinta’.

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陈飞,陈宇昱,何双,蒋立文,覃业优,王蓉蓉.3种常用剁椒加工品种的质构品质及果胶特性[J].中国食品学报,2022,22(11):103-113

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  • 收稿日期:2021-11-24
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-12-28
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