Low bioavailability of bioactive peptides had substantially impeded their application in the development of functional and nutraceutical foods. The degradation of gastrointestinal tract and the low permeability of intestinal epithelium are the key to restrict the bioavailability of bioactive peptides. The construction of safe， green， and effective strategies is significant to improve the bioavailability of bioactive peptides， which is an inevitable and common problems to be overcome in the field of bioactive peptides science. This paper reviewed the gastrointestinal absorption barriers， transmembrane transport mechanisms， and the latest strategies of improving the bioavailability of bioactive peptides. This paper will provide ideas for the intensive study and wide application of bioactive peptides.