In recent years， gut microbiota has become an important target for human health， the change of its abundance and diversity are related to human health closely. Bioactive peptides have been widely used in many fields such as food and medicine， which have high safety， good processing performance， and easy to absorb by the human body. It has also been found that bioactive peptides could regulate gut microbiota to keep or restore intestinal balance. This paper reviewed the regulatory effects of bioactive peptides on gut microbiota at home and abroad， explained its mechanism， and illustrated the current situation and the development trend in this field， in order to provide reference for further mechanism exploration.