Cultured meat technology is a new type of food synthesis biotechnology that has emerged in recent years. Cultured meat is manufactured through producing and food processing artificial muscle and fat tissues by large-scale culture of animal cells. Compared with traditional farming methods， cultured meat technology shows greater advantages in environmental and resource protection， animal welfare， and public health. In this work， by searching and analyzing recently published papers in the cultured meat field， we summarize and outline the latest research progress and technical challenges from four major research directions including seed cell isolation and extraction， serum-free medium development， large-scale culture system， and three-dimensional culture and tissue shaping， and provide an outlook on the future key research directions of cultured meat technology. The development of efficient cultured meat manufacturing technologies and the establishment of large-scale production systems will provide strong support for the creation and application of new food protein resources.