Recent studies have shown that diet could affect the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and cereals are an indispensable part of people's daily diet. Intake of grains can reduce the risk of IBD and colorectal cancer. This is because the dietary fiber， phytochemical and amino acids in grains can repair mucosal barriers， remove free radicals， reduce inflammation， fight cancer， and regulate gut microbiota composition. However， the gliadin and amylase-trypsin inhibitor contained in wheat grains the gliadin and amylase-trypsin inhibitors contained in wheat grains also have the risk of aggravating IBD， indicating that the intake of grains is a double-edged sword for IBD. This article focuses on grains and summarizes the effects of grains and their components on IBD.