调味料及添加剂对裙带菜加工色泽的影响
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(1.大连工业大学 国家海洋食品工程技术研究中心 辽宁大连 116034;2.江苏派乐滋食品有限公司 江苏徐州 221116)

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国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD0902001)


The Effect of Flavoring and Additives on the Color of Cooked Undaria pinnatifida
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(1.National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian 116034, Liaoning;2.Jiangsu Palarich Food Co. Ltd., Xuzhou 221116, Jiangsu)

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    摘要:

    以裙带菜为研究对象,采用色差仪、高效液相色谱等技术研究食盐、白砂糖和食醋,抗坏血酸、柠檬酸、D-异抗坏血酸钠和山梨酸钾4种添加剂对裙带菜蒸煮处理过程中色泽的影响。结果表明,0.2%的食盐可以起到较好的护色作用,岩藻黄质和叶绿素a得率分别提高了29.12%和79.73%。添加0.3%的白砂糖和0.04%的D-异抗坏血酸钠在提高裙带菜颜色稳定性的同时,显著降低了叶绿素a的含量【分别为(3.36±0.11) μg/g,(9.13±0.73) μg/g】,仅为对照组的21.51%和53.02%。随着食醋比例的增加,裙带菜逐渐变为橄榄色,色差可达到5.01。0.025%的食醋可使叶绿素a在裙带菜蒸煮处理过程中全部损失,而添加0.004%的柠檬酸后的岩藻黄质得率【(276.51±16.15) μg/g】相较于对照组【(213.47±16.77) μg/g】显著提高29.53%。抗坏血酸和山梨酸钾对裙带菜颜色稳定性具有双重作用,低含量(0.004%)的抗坏血酸可以促进叶绿素a的保留,使岩藻黄质得率【(422.73±26.35) μg/g】相较于对照组【(201.09±14.42) μg/g】显著提高,高含量(0.10%)的山梨酸钾则使叶绿素得率损失69.60%。在未来裙带菜调味食品的开发中,应添加合适比例的调味料以及添加剂以达到所需加工品质的性状。

    Abstract:

    The effects of salt, sugar and vinegar as well as ascorbic acid, citric acid, sodium D-isoascorbate and potassium sorbate on color and pigment of Undaria pinnatifida during boiling were studied by using colorimeter and high performance liquid chromatography. The results showed that 0.2% salt provided good color protection and increased the yield of fucoxanthin and chlorophyll a by 29.12% and 79.73%, respectively. The addition of 0.3% sugar and 0.04% sodium D-isoascorbate significantly reduced the chlorophyll a content [(3.36 ± 0.11) μg/g and (9.13 ± 0.73) μg/g, respectively] while improving the color stability of Undaria pinnatifida, which was only 21.51% and 53.02% of the control group. As the ratio of vinegar increased, the Undaria pinnatifida gradually changed to olive color, with a color difference of up to 5.01. 0.025% vinegar resulted in a complete loss of chlorophyll a, while the addition of 0.004% citric acid resulted in a significant increase of 29.53% in the yield of fucoxanthin [(276.51 ± 16.15) μg/g] compared to the control [(213.47 ± 16.77) μg/g]. Ascorbic acid and potassium sorbate had a dual effect on the color stability of Undaria pinnatifida, with low levels (0.004%) of ascorbic acid promoting the retention of chlorophyll a, resulting in a significant increase in the yield of fucoxanthin [(422.73 ± 26.35) μg/g] compared to the control [(201.09 ± 14.42) μg/g], while high levels (0.10%) of potassium sorbate resulted in a 69.60% loss of chlorophyll yield. In the future development of seasoned Undaria pinnatifida, appropriate proportions of flavorings as well as additives should be added to achieve the desired processing quality traits.

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于美琪,金美然,赵保民,朱太海,启航.调味料及添加剂对裙带菜加工色泽的影响[J].中国食品学报,2023,23(5):251-261

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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-11
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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-06-25
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