Objective: To investigate the improvement effect of chestnut shells pigment (CSP) on lipid metabolism disorder in obese mice and its molecular mechanism. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were divided into normal diet group (N)， high fat diet group (HFD)， high fat diet +20 mg/kg CSP group (HFD-L)， high fat diet +50 mg/kg CSP group (HFD-H)， high fat diet +20 mg/kg catechin group (HFD-C). The body weight and food intake of mice were measured every week. After 14 weeks， the weight of liver and epididymis fat of mice and lipid levels of serum were detected. The morphology of fat and liver was analyzed and the expression of key proteins of fat metabolism in liver was detected. Results: Compared with HFD group， the gain of body mass in HFD-L and HFD-H groups decreased by 28.67% and 39.16%， respectively. Fat mass of epididymis decreased by 23.63% and 42.80%， respectively. CSP can reduced food intake and accumulation of liver fat， reduced serum TG， TC， LDL-C， ALT and AST levels， increased HDL-C. The expression levels of p-AMPK/AMPK， p-ACC/ACC and PPARα in liver tissue were significantly increased， however， the expression levels of SREBP-1C and HMGCR were significantly decreased， which were better than those of pure catechin. Conclusion: CSP can improve lipid metabolism in obese mice， which is related to the activation of AMPK signaling pathway.