The application of natural astaxanthin in antioxidant， immunity enhancement， anti-cancer， photoprotection and other physiological functions is limited by problems such as poor water solubility and easy degradation. The researchers ameliorated these problems to a certain extent through a variety of stabilization techniques， while enriching the types of astaxanthin products. In this paper， the literature on the stabilization technology of improving the bioavailability of astaxanthin through molecular structure modification and delivery system was reviewed， and the application of nanoencapsulation technology in the targeted delivery of astaxanthin was introduced. On this basis， the research status and existing problems of astaxanthin stabilization technology are considered and summarized， providing theoretical support for the development of astaxanthin-related foods and drugs.