The host's immune system， metabolism， and other physiological and pathological states are all influenced by the structure and function of the gut microbiota. Machine learning and deep learning have been used in recent years to explore the potential intervention targets of the gut microbiota， and the technology of developing microbiota-directed food (MDF) and regulating gut microbiota composition in a targeted way to improve human health has gradually advanced. In order to offer a fresh perspective on potential intervention target exploration of gut microbiota in the future and the development of MDF， this article introduced the application of artificial intelligence in the exploration of gut microbiota intervention targets and summarized the development process of MDF and their applications in various aspects such as malnutrition and blood sugar management.