Sea cucumber is an important marine aquatic resource， which is rich in protein， polysaccharide， saponin and other active components， and has extremely high nutritional and medicinal values. Sea cucumber polypeptides are biologically active substances， which are usually obtained from sea cucumber by enzymolysis， separation and purification. Studies have shown that sea cucumber polypeptides have many biological activities， such as anti-oxidation， antihypertensive effect， hypoglycemic， improving immunity， anti-fatigue， anti-tumor， improving memory， and so on. Guided by the bioactivity research of sea cucumber polypeptides， this paper summarizes the recent findings at home and abroad， aiming to provide scientific basis and guidance for the further development and utilization of sea cucumber polypeptides in food， medicine， health products， cosmetics and other industries.