酱醪葡萄球菌的筛选及其对高盐稀态酱油发酵的影响
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(1.长沙理工大学食品与生物工程学院 长沙 410114;2.湖南省调味品发酵工程技术研究中心 长沙 410600;3.加加食品集团股份有限公司 长沙 410600)

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湖南省自然科学基金面上项目(2021JJ30700);湖南省教育厅重点项目(21A0197);湖南省重点研发项目(2023NK2035)


Screening of Staphylococcus spp. in Moromi and Their Effects on the Fermentation of High-salt Liquid-state Soy Sauce
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(1.School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha 410114;2.Hunan Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Condiment Fermentation, Changsha 410600;3.Jiajia Food Group Co. Ltd., Changsha 410600)

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    摘要:

    为了探明酱醪葡萄球菌对高盐稀态酱油发酵的影响,采集高盐稀态酱醪,以产酸为指标分离筛选并获得3株产酸性能良好的葡萄球菌JL04、JL15、JL17,16S rDNA测序结合生理生化特性分别鉴定为香料葡萄球菌、鱼发酵葡萄球菌和肉葡萄球菌。在高盐稀态酱油发酵第15天分别添加3株菌进行为期60 d的发酵,分析发酵过程中还原糖、总酸及氨态氮的变化,结果发现3株菌均能加快酱醪中还原糖的利用,提高总酸及氨态氮含量,其中JL04总酸最高,为15.61 g/L,JL17氨态氮最高,为9.31 g/L。HPLC定量分析添加JL04、JL15、JL17的发酵酱油中6种有机酸总含量,分别较对照组增加了37.53%,24.06%及25.90%,主要是乙酸、乳酸、琥珀酸含量增加。气相色谱-质谱联用分析添加3株菌发酵酱油的挥发性风味物质,结果发现酯类物质含量明显提高,其中JL04比对照组提高了116.09%,以乙酸酯类和乳酸酯类含量增加为主,与相应的有机酸含量增加呈正相关关系。感官评分显示:3株菌添加发酵可增进酱油的香气及滋味。高盐稀态酱醪中分离筛选的3株葡萄球菌具有代谢积累有机酸,促进相应酯类物质合成的特征,可作为赋予酱油适口酸感、丰富酱油滋味、增进酱油香气的风味菌应用于酱油发酵。

    Abstract:

    In order to investigate the effects of moromi Staphylococcus spp. on the fermentation of high-salt liquid-state soy sauce, three Staphylococcus spp. (JL04, JL15, and JL17) with good acid-producing performance were screened from high-salt liquid-state moromi using acid-production as an index, which were identified as S. comdimenti, S. piscifermentans and S. carnosus, respectively. The three strains were added to the 15th day high-salt liquid-state moromi for a 60 days fermentation, and analysis of the changes for reducing sugar, total acid and ammonia nitrogen during the fermentation process showed that all three strains could accelerate the utilization of reducing sugar in moromi and increase the content of total acid and ammonia nitrogen. Among them, the total acid of fermented soy sauce added with JL04 was the highest, which was 15.61 g/L; and the ammonia nitrogen of fermented soy sauce added with JL17 was the highest, which was 9.31 g/L. HPLC quantitative analysis for 6 organic acids in the fermented soy sauce added with JL04, JL15 and JL17 increased by 37.53%, 24.06% and 25.90%, respectively, compared with the control group, and the main organic acids were acetic acid, lactic acid and succinic acid. GC-MS analysis for the volatile flavor compounds of soy sauce fermented by three strains showed that the content of esters was significantly increased, among which JL04 increased by 116.09%, mainly acetates and lactates, and it was positively correlated with the increase of corresponding organic acids. Sensory scores showed that the addition of three strains could enhance the aroma and taste of soy sauce. The three strains screened from high-salt liquid-state moromi had the characteristics of accumulating organic acids and promoting the synthesis of corresponding esters. They could be used in soy sauce fermentation as flavor bacteria to impart suitable sour taste, enrich taste, and enhance aroma.

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张伟,王洁丽,林琛,刘俊良,杨俊文,周慧,周尚庭,蒋雪薇.酱醪葡萄球菌的筛选及其对高盐稀态酱油发酵的影响[J].中国食品学报,2023,23(11):125-136

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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-14
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  • 在线发布日期: 2023-12-14
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