With the continuous development of nanotechnology， people inevitably come into contact with nanomaterials through various pathways. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) as a typical representative of nano-metal oxide materials family， has been widely used as food additives in the food industry field due to their good whitening and anti-caking properties. Because of its small size and large specific surface area， could pass through the intestinal barrier， then enter the blood circulation and deposit in the organs in the end. Thereby affecting the physiological functions of cells in various parts， and causing metabolic disorders in the body， which makes people pay more and more attention to the adverse effects of TiO₂ NPs about the intestinal health and glucolipid metabolism of organisms. Therefore， this review summarized the effects of TiO₂ NPs on intestinal structure， digestion and absorption function and intestinal flora， and the effects of TiO₂ NPs on glucose and lipid metabolism and its molecular regulation mechanism were also discussed，which aimed to provide a reference for the treatment of intestinal diseases and disorders of glucolipid metabolism caused by food-borne TiO₂ NPs， as well as the regulation of the safe dosage of TiO₂ NPs.