Powder oil is a functional lipid food ingredient prepared by microcapsule technology， which can well protect core oil from the influence of the external environment. Compared with unembedded oil， it has the advantages of improving oxidation stability， extending shelf life， controlling release， and improving food quality. In this paper， the composition and preparation technology of powder oil， the influence on the physicochemical properties of microencapsulated powder oil and its application in food were systematically reviewed， and the review could provide the reference for the preparation of powder oil and its application in food industry.