Taste assessment involves five basic tastes: sour， sweet， bitter， fresh and salty. It is the basis for mammals to feel the external environment. The taste sensing system can quickly， sensitively and specifically obtain taste information from complex mixtures， It is considered to be one of the best "chemical detector" in nature. The inherent advantages of biological taste provide inspiration for the development of bionic taste sensing technology. The bioelectronic tongue based on taste system has been widely used in the fields of food safety， drug development and disease diagnosis. Combined with the research results in recent years， this paper makes a comprehensive review on the taste conduction mechanism and the development and research of bioelectronic tongue， and summarizes the practical application of bioelectronic tongue based on taste system in taste measurement. Its future development and application prospects are discussed.