Fermented foods possess a distinct taste and nutritional worth， encompassing a variety of bioactive compounds. Ultrasound technology is a non-thermal processing technique that has been proven to sterilize， enhance the production of active products， and modify the macromolecular properties of food. Presently， there needs to be more organized discourse regarding the utilization of ultrasound technology in processing fermented foods. This article provide a comprehensive summary of the scientific advancements about the impact of ultrasound technology on microorganisms and the quality of various fermented foods throughout fermentation and storage processes. The influence of ultrasound on fermented foods is contingent upon the specific ultrasound processing settings， inherent features of the fermented food， and the types of microorganisms present. Ultrasound treatment， under varying circumstances， can impede the proliferation of detrimental microbes， guaranteeing fermented foods' safety. Additionally， it can regulate the functioning of probiotic strains to enhance the nutritional quality of fermented foods. Ultrasound treatment has the potential to improve the speed of fermentation， regulate the fermentation process， minimize excessive fermentation， augment the concentration of bioactive compounds in fermented foods， and provide nutritional and health advantages. This article serves as a guide for utilizing ultrasonic technology in industrial manufacturing and improving traditional fermented foods.