The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) is increasing globally. Epidemiological and clinical studies have found that diet affects the onset and treatment of IBD， and westernization of diet pattern is one of the important factors leading to the increase of IBD incidence. Reasonable dietary nutrition is very important for individual health， is one of the basic factors to reduce inflammation and maintain the normal operation of the immune system， and plays an important role in the prevention and treatment of diseases. At present， the clinical treatment of IBD is mainly drug therapy， which is mainly aimed at inducing and maintaining remission. In recent years， clinical studies have found that dietary intervention in patients with IBD can effectively relieve IBD symptoms and prevent disease recurrence. Dietary intervention has attracted more and more attention from researchers and clinicians because of its advantages such as low side effects， safety and economy. This paper summarizes the influence of dietary components on the onset and treatment of IBD， as well as the latest research progress on the role of dietary components and enteral nutrition in the treatment of IBD， recommends that IBD patients undergo nutritional risk screening and professional dietary consultation， and encourages IBD patients to pay attention to daily diet management and cultivate scientific and healthy eating habits. At the same time， in view of the limitations of the current diet intervention studies， the future research direction of IBD diet intervention was proposed to provide reference for clinical nutrition intervention and diet intervention studies of IBD.