Under the big food concept and the ‘dual carbon’ strategy， it is urgent to promote the green manufacturing and sustainable development of livestock and marine food processing chains. This paper analyzed the research and industrial development status and major national requirements in the field of livestock and marine food in China， and summarized four key fundamental scientific issues that need to be solved urgently in this field， including analyzing the quality deterioration mechanism of livestock and marine food， clarifying the biological basis of its storage， transportation， processing and comprehensive utilization， and establishing the theory and technology of hazardous substances control， quality improvement and nutrition and health in processing， constructing the cell factories for biosynthesis of animal meat and nutrient components. In addition， based on interdisciplinary innovation in food science and technology， this paper also put forward suggestions for future research directions， lay out new formats of low-carbon processing， bio-manufacturing， intelligent manufacturing， cell factory， big data and precision nutrition， establish a new low-carbon green processing and loss reduction technology system， so that livestock and marine food to meet the people's nutrition， health， safety， delicious， personalized in needs.