压榨处理对美乐葡萄汁CO2浸渍发酵特性及品质的影响
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(1.西北农林科技大学葡萄酒学院 陕西杨凌 712100;2.西北农林科技大学宁夏贺兰山东麓葡萄酒试验示范站 宁夏永宁 750104

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国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1002500);国家现代农业产业技术体系资助项目;国家自然科学基金项目(31501463)


Effects of Pressing Pressure on Carbonic Maceration Fermentation Characteristics and Quality of Merlot Must
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(1.College of Enology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi;2.Ningxia Helan Mountain's East Foothill Wine Experiment and Demonstration Station of Northwest A&F University, Yongning 750104, Ningxia)

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    摘要:

    在CO2浸渍法(CM)酿造中,压榨处理有利于活性物质和香气前体物质的释放,而这些物质是影响第2阶段发酵进程和最终质量的关键因素。为了研究压力对压榨处理后葡萄酒品质的影响,以美乐葡萄为原料,分别进行酒脚分离和不同压强(0.02~1.70 kPa)的压榨处理,对照自流汁分析样品的理化指标、香气物质,并做感官评价,探究不同压强下美乐葡萄汁发酵特性及其品质的变化。结果表明:施加1.09 kPa有利于控制葡萄酒中的碳/氮比值(0.43)和葡萄糖/果糖比值(0.97),降低了葡萄汁发酵缓慢或停滞的风险。积累活性物质总酚(47.52±2.97)mg/L和总花色苷(188.76±10.33)mg/L,分别提高了7.01%和0.96%。改善颜色,增强葡萄汁红色色调和饱和度。GC-MS分析和感官分析表明,自流汁具有更丰富的香气,1.09~1.70 kPa的压榨处理赋予葡萄酒爽脆的酸度和饱满的酒体,增加乙酸酯和醛类化合物等香气,增强葡萄酒中水果、香料和脂肪的味道。结论:压榨压强影响葡萄酒的成分,有望应用于优质CM葡萄酒的工业生产。

    Abstract:

    Merlot grapes were elaborated as raw materials obtaining the separated must from the marc and the press must at different pressures (0.02~1.70 kPa). In order to improve the pressing effect and the quality of the Carbonic Maceration (CM) wine, the samples' physical and chemical parameters and aroma components were analyzed against the free-run must. The results showed the balance of C/N ratio (0.43) and the glucose/fructose ratio (0.97) in the sample applying 1.09 kPa pressing, reducing the risk of slow or stagnant fermentation; accumulating active substances concluding the total phenols of (47.52±2.97)mg/L and the total anthocyanins of (188.76±10.33) mg/L, increased by 7.01% and 0.96%, respectively; the color improvement and the enhancement of color parameters. The free-run must was perceived as having a fuller aroma than the press must. In addition, the pressing of 1.09-1.70 kPa gave the wine crisp acidity and intense tannins, increasing aromas such as acetate and aldehydes and enhancing the fruit, spice and fatty flavours in the wine. The study of pressing pressure provided a new basis for the production of high-quality CM wine, which is expected to be applied to the production of pressing wine in wineries.

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程艺超,姜娇,秦义,刘延琳,宋育阳.压榨处理对美乐葡萄汁CO2浸渍发酵特性及品质的影响[J].中国食品学报,2024,24(6):177-189

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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-15
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-07-22
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