Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are vesicle complex secreted by animal and plant cells， and exert a variety of physiological activities due to rich in multiple active components， such as lipids， proteins and RNA. Inflammation is a kind of immune response caused by the external stimulation， and chronic inflammation occurs when the balance of pro-inflammatory factors and anti-inflammatory factors is disrupted. Studies have shown that exosome-like nanovesicles (ELNs) in plant-derived EVs and milk-derived EVs contain different kinds of active components， which can delay the progression of inflammatory response and the occurrence of inflammation related diseases by inhibiting the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines， and up-regulating the expression of anti-inflammatory factors and immune cytokines. Accordingly， the extraction and characterization methods of plant-derived ELNs and milk-derived EVs were summarized in this review. Importantly， their roles in regulation of inflammation from the aspects of inhibition of NF-κB pathway， oxidative stress and related MAPK pathway conduction， regulation of intestinal microbial composition and intestinal stem cell growth， and controlling of macrophage growth were explored. The review will provide reference for further exploring the biological activities of plant-derived ELNs and milk-derived EVs.