Pea protein， a plant-based protein sourced from Pisum sativum， is distinguished by its high safety， nutritional efficacy， and cost advantages. This protein type has been the subject of growing interest due to its favorable nutritional profile and affordability， making it a viable alternative for a broad consumer base， including those following vegetarian or vegan dietary practices. In recent years， the field of bioactive peptide research has witnessed a surge in the exploration of peptides with biological activities derived from pea protein. The development and investigation of these peptides are of significant importance， as they not only represent a high-value application of plant proteins but also contribute positively to human health maintenance. This review delves into the bioactivity and mechanism of action of pea peptides， with a specific focus on the effects observed both in vivo and ex vivo， as well as the associated regulatory mechanisms and key signaling pathways. The documented bioactivities of pea peptides include， but are not limited to， antioxidant capabilities， auxiliary blood pressure reduction， glycemic control， antimicrobial properties， immunomodulatory effects， anti-tumor potential， intestinal flora regulation， and the promotion of probiotic growth. Furthermore， this review anticipates and proposes future research directions for pea peptides， aiming to offer a framework that guides the deeper investigation and holistic application of these bioactive peptides in nutritional science and public health.