In this study， four harvest periods were used to determine and analyze the raw material properties such as color， basic nutrients， amino acids of P. haitanensis， and further according to the correlation between the harvest period and the quality index of nutrient components， the identification technique of different harvest periods of P. haitanensis were established. The results showed that as the harvest period increased， the L and b values increased significantly (P<0.05)， while the a values showed a decreasing trend； the protein， essential amino acid， non-essential amino acid and total amino acid contents first decreased and then increased， fat and crude fiber showed decreasing and increasing trends respectively， and ash content first increased and then decreased. In addition， the highest TAV values for the fresh amino acids were found in the third harvest period， the highest TAV values for the sweet amino acids were in the fourth harvest period， C16∶1 and C18∶3 were only detected in the fourth harvest period， and the mineral element content was higher in the late harvest than in the early harvest. The regression curve fitted to the essential amino acid content expert emethionin allows accurate identification of the first harvest period of P. haitanensis from different sea areas. This study established a correlation model between harvest periods and related quality indicators， which provides a theoretical and technical reference for the identification and screening of different harvest periods and high value utilization of P. haitanensis.