超快速冷却对冷鲜猪肉肌原纤维蛋白特性的影响
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(1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 农业农村部农产品质量安全收贮运管控重点实验室 北京 100193;2.成都大学 肉类加工四川省重点实验室 成都 610106)

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国家自然科学基金面上项目(32272397)


Effects of Very Fast Chilling on the Myofibrillar Proteins Properties of Chilled Pork
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(1.Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Agro-products Quality and Safety Control in Storage and Transport Process, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193;2.Meat Processing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106)

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    摘要:

    为探究宰后超快速冷却对冷鲜猪肉肌原纤维蛋白功能特性的影响,以常规冷却处理(冷却速度3.72 ℃/h)为对照,分析不同超快速冷却处理(超快速冷却-I组:冷却速度9.31 ℃/h;超快速冷却-II组:冷却速度14.43 ℃/h)的猪背最长肌在宰后1,2~5,6,12,24,72 h的肌原纤维蛋白水合特性(表面疏水性和溶解度)、凝胶特性(凝胶保水性)、氧化特性(巯基含量和羰基含量)、肌原纤维小片化指数及肌原纤维蛋白降解的情况。结果表明:随着宰后时间延长,不同冷却处理冷鲜猪肉的肌原纤维蛋白表面疏水性呈上升趋势,溶解度、凝胶保水性、巯基含量、羰基含量和肌原纤维小片化指数等均呈下降趋势。超快速冷却-Ⅰ组和超快速冷却-Ⅱ组肌原纤维蛋白与溴酚蓝结合量、凝胶保水性和羰基含量显著低于对照组(P < 0.05),而超快速冷却-Ⅱ组显著低于超快速冷却-Ⅰ组(P < 0.05)。超快速冷却-Ⅱ组肌原纤维蛋白溶解度和巯基含量显著高于对照组和超快速冷却-Ⅰ组(P < 0.05)。结论:超快速冷却处理组可显著改善冷鲜肉肌原纤维蛋白的功能特性并有效抑制蛋白质氧化,其中以冷却速度为14.43 ℃/h的超快速冷却处理组效果最佳。研究结果可为超快速冷却技术在产业中应用提供理论与数据支持。

    Abstract:

    In order to study the effects of very fast chilling on the myofibrillar proteins properties of chilled pork after slaughter, this study analyzed the effects of different very fast chilling treatments (very fast chilling -I group: chilling rate of 9.31 ℃/h; very fast chilling -II group: chilling rate of 14.43 ℃/h) on the myofibrillar proteins of the pork M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscles at 1, 2-5, 6, 12, 24 and 72 h after slaughter. The changes of myofibrillar proteins hydration (solubility and hydrophobicity), gel properties (water-holding capacity gel), oxidation properties (sulfhydryl content and carbonyl content), myofibrillar miniaturization index and myofibrillar proteins degradation. The results showed that the hydrophobicity of myofibrillar proteins surface tended to increase, and the solubility, water-holding capacity gel, sulfhydryl content, carbonyl content and myofibrillar fragmentation index tended to decrease in the pork M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscles under different chilling treatments after slaughter. The amount of myogenic fibrin bound to bromophenol blue, gel water retention and carbonyl content were significantly lower in the very fast chilling -Ⅰ and very fast chilling -Ⅱ groups than in the control group (P<0.05), while the very fast chilling -Ⅱ group was significantly lower than the very fast chilling -Ⅰ group (P<0.05), and myogenic fibrin solubility and sulfhydryl content were significantly higher in the very fast chilling -Ⅱ group than in the control and very fast chilling -Ⅰ groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the very fast chilling treatment group could improve the functional properties of chilled pork myofibrillar proteins and effectively inhibit protein oxidation, in which very fast chilling with a chilling rate of 14.43 ℃/h was the best chilling method. The results of the study aimed to provide a theoretical basis and data support for the application of very fast chilling technology in the industry.

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王素,张德权,王卫,张锐,李欣,侯成立.超快速冷却对冷鲜猪肉肌原纤维蛋白特性的影响[J].中国食品学报,2024,24(9):277-286

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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2024-10-21
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