Effects of Temperature Fluctuation and LED Blue Light on the Quality Characteristics of Blueberries during Low Temperature Flow
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(Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040)
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摘要:
为研究温度波动及LED蓝光对蓝莓低温流通过程中品质的影响,以黑暗处理为对照组,在LED蓝光条件下,设计波动次数为无波动,1,2次和3次以及不同断链时间(25,55 min和3 h)的温度波动处理组,比较分析冷断链时间下,温度波动对蓝莓品质指标和相关氧化酶的影响。结果表明:温度波动处理使蓝莓在贮藏期间的品质不断下降,相比于无波动组,波动3次处理的蓝莓在15 d时,硬度明显下降,可滴定酸、维生素C和花青素含量分别减少了60.49%,71.82%,42.27%,PPO、POD活性有所上升。与黑暗对照组相比,LED蓝光处理可有效延缓蓝莓营养物质的降解。此外,蓝莓对断链时间的忍耐程度各不相同,其品质下降的速率为:断链3 h > 断链55 min > 断链25 min。各指标间的相关性分析表明,硬度、维生素C和花青素呈显著相关(P<0.05),可用于评价蓝莓在低温流通过程的品质变化。结论:温度波动加剧了蓝莓果实品质劣变和营养成分流失,在尽量避免剧烈温度波动的同时,可考虑使用LED蓝光辐照,以改善蓝莓在流通过程中因温度波动而导致的品质下降。
Abstract:
In order to study the effects of temperature fluctuations and LED blue light on the quality changes of blueberries during low temperature circulation, this experiment was conducted with dark treatment as the control group and temperature fluctuation treatment groups with no fluctuation, one, two, and three fluctuations and different chain break times (25, 55 min, and 3 h) designed under LED blue light conditions, and the effects of temperature fluctuations under cold break time on blueberry quality indicators and related oxidative enzymes were comparatively analyzed. The results showed that the temperature fluctuation treatment caused a continuous decrease in the quality of blueberries during storage. Compared with the no fluctuation group, blueberries with three fluctuation treatments showed a significant decrease in hardness; titratable acid, vitamin C and anthocyanin contents decreased by 60.49%, 71.82% and 42.27%, respectively; and PPO and POD activities increased at 15 days. Compared with the dark control group, LED blue light treatment could effectively delay the degradation of blueberry nutrients. In addition, the tolerance of blueberries to chain break time varies, and the rate of quality degradation is as follows: 3 h > 55 min > 25 min. The correlation analysis among the indicators showed that hardness, vitamin C and anthocyanins were significantly correlated (P<0.05), which could be used to evaluate the quality changes of blueberries during low-temperature circulation. In summary, temperature fluctuations exacerbated the quality deterioration and nutrient loss of blueberries, so while avoiding severe temperature fluctuations, LED blue light irradiation could be considered to improve the quality deterioration of blueberries caused by temperature fluctuations during the circulation process.