模拟口腔加工对全麦脆饼食团特性和体外淀粉消化的影响
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(1.集美大学海洋食品与生物工程学院 福建厦门 361021;2.国家粮食和物资储备局科学研究院 北京 100037;3.广西大学轻工与食品学院 南宁 530004)

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Effect of Simulation Oral Processing on the Bolus and Starch Digestibility of Whole Wheat Crispbread
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(1.College of Ocean Food and Biological Engineering, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, Fujian;2.Academy of National Food and Strategic Reserves Administration, Beijing 100037;3.College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004)

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    摘要:

    为探究不同模拟口腔加工方式和不同α-淀粉酶添加量对全麦脆饼食团特性和体外淀粉消化的影响,以市售即食全麦脆饼为对象,研究切块与人工唾液混合(CA)、切块+搅拌与人工唾液混合(CBA)、切块+研磨与人工唾液混合(CGA),以及人工唾液中不同α-淀粉酶含量对全麦脆饼咀嚼后食团特性和淀粉消化的影响。对照体内口腔加工,运用主成分分析筛选适合酥脆性产品的体外模拟淀粉消化的方法。结果表明,CBA和CGA处理的食团硬度(17.44~32.99 N)、胶黏性(122.29~317.30 g·s)低于体内口腔咀嚼(HM)(38.39 N,670.23 g·s)处理,而体外模拟口腔加工后SSF组的食团粒径(105.08~273.89 μm,290.02~801.69 μm)均高于体内口腔咀嚼(315.19 μm,764.08 μm),随着α-淀粉酶添加量的增加,粒径呈下降趋势。CBA、CGA和HM处理的最终淀粉水解率显著高于CA处理,其中CBA处理更贴合于HM处理。机械破坏和唾液α-淀粉酶的含量均影响食团特性和淀粉消化动力学。此外,主成分分析表明CBA处理的SSFH组可作为模拟酥脆食品淀粉消化过程中的前处理方法。

    Abstract:

    In order to explore the effects of different simulated oral processing methods and different α-amylase additions on the bolus characteristics and in vitro starch digestion, ready-to-eat whole wheat crispbreads were used as an experiment. The effects of cutting and mixed artificial saliva (CA), cutting with blending and mixed artificial saliva (CBA), cutting with grinding and mixed artificial saliva (CGA) and different α-amylase contents in artificial saliva on the bolus characteristics and in vitro starch digestibility of whole wheat crispbreads after chewing were studied. Using human oral chewing method (HM) as a control, principal component analysis was applied to screen for in vitro simulated starch digestion suitable for crisp products. The results showed that the hardness (17.44~32.99 N), adhesiveness (122.29~317.30 g·s) of the bolus of CBA and CGA treatments were lower than HM treatment. While the particle size of the bolus was higher in SSF group (105.08~273.89 μm, 290.02~801.69 μm) than human chewing (315.19 μm, 764.08 μm), but the particle size tended to decrease with the increase of α-amylase addition. The final starch hydrolysis rates of CBA, CGA and HM treatments were significantly higher than CA treatment, with CBA treatment fitting more closely to HM treatment. Both mechanical damage and salivary α-amylase content affected bolus characteristics and the starch digestion kinetics. In addition, the SSFH group of CBA treatment was shown to be used as a pretreatment in simulating starch digestion in crisp foods based on principal component analysis.

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韩冰,刘艳香,刘明,谭斌,刘翼翔,陈翠莹,孟宁,康子悦.模拟口腔加工对全麦脆饼食团特性和体外淀粉消化的影响[J].中国食品学报,2024,24(11):209-220

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