Purpose: To study the inhibitory effects of cinnamon， thyme and basil essential oils on pathogenic bacteria. Methods: Five common pathogenic bacteria were selected as test bacteria； Plant essential oils with synergistic antibacterial effects were selected by checkerboard dilution method and bacteriostatic circle method and et al. Then， the composition of 3 essential oils was analyzed by Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry(GC-MS)， and the cell membrane permeability of Escherichia coli， Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus were explored. Results: GC-MS analysis showed that cinnamaldehyde， thymol and eugenol were the main antibacterial components in cinnamon essential oil， thyme essential oil and basil essential oil， respectively. Cinnamon and thyme essential oils were combined with E. coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus with a FIC of 0.5， and cinnamon with basil essential oil was combined with E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus with a FIC of 0.5. The OD280nm of Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus treated with cinnamaldehyde-thymol was 6.13% and 4.42% higher than that of single-component treatment， respectively， and 12.44% and 12.53% higher than that of single thymol， respectively. Similarly， the OD280nm of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus in the treatment of cinnamaldehyde-eugenol was 8.97% and 7.38%， respectively， and 17.02% and 24.69% higher than that of eugenol， respectively. Conclusion: Cinnamon and thyme essential oils have synergistic antibacterial effects on Escherichia coli and Vibrio parahaemolyticus， the main antibacterial components in cinnamon， thyme， and basil essential oils were cinnamaldehyde， thymol， and eugenol； The synergistic antibacterial effects of cinnamon-thyme essential oil and cinnamon-basil essential oil were due to the combined function of cinnamaldehyde-thymol and cinnamaldehyde-eugenol， respectively. The two compound components destroyed the cell membrane integrity of the bacteria， increasing the permeability of the bacterial cell membrane， a large number of nucleic acids， proteins and other cellular contents were leaked， resulting in the death of the bacteria.