超声辅助冻融处理对绿豆淀粉吸油率和结构特性的影响
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(1.黑龙江八一农垦大学食品学院 黑龙江大庆 163319;2.黑龙江八一农垦大学 国家杂粮工程技术研究中心 黑龙江大庆 163319)

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黑龙江省“百千万”工程科技重大专项(2021ZX12 B05);黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(SS2022 C002)


Effect of Ultrasound-Assisted Freeze-Thaw Treatment on the Oil Absorption Rate and Structural Characteristics of Mung Bean Starch
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(1.College of Food Science, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319, Heilongjiang;2.National Coarse Cereals Engineering Research Center, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing 163319,Heilongjiang)

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    摘要:

    以绿豆淀粉(MBS)为原料,在保持油炸食品酥脆特征的基础上,降低其吸油率,探究冻融(FT)和超声辅助冻融(U-FT)处理对绿豆淀粉吸油特性及结构特性的影响。采用吸油率为评价指标,结合吸附特性、粒径分布、接触角、官能团、结晶性质、热特性和微观结构等分析方法,评价U-FT处理对绿豆淀粉吸油性和结构特性变化的影响。结果表明:FT-MBS和U-FT-MBS均会降低淀粉的吸油率,其中超声功率为180 W,冻融循环2次,得到的MBS吸油率显著降低(P<0.05),淀粉的吸水率显著增加(P<0.05)。2种处理手段得到的MBS在淀粉-油模拟油炸体系中的总油吸附率与原淀粉相比降低5.51%和10.25%。结构特性研究结果表明,FT-MBS表面粗糙,结构更致密,U-FT-MBS颗粒更大,形状不规则,且基团和粗糙表面的变化与疏油性有关。2种方法处理的MBS颗粒比表面积均降低,平均粒径增大,使淀粉颗粒疏油性增加。另外,2种处理方法得到的MBS结晶度分别降低了3.61%和6.54%。综上,不同改性手段均可以降低绿豆淀粉在油炸前、后的吸油率,U-FT-MBS的吸油率显著降低,这是由于U-FT处理增强了MBS和水分子间的相互作用,改变了淀粉的短程有序结构,延迟了糊化过程,减少了油炸过程中淀粉结构的分解,从而抑制油的渗透。

    Abstract:

    In order to reduce the oil absorption of mung bean starch (MBS) on the basis of maintaining its crispy characteristics, this paper used mung bean starch (MBS) as raw material to investigate the effects of freeze-thawed (FT) and ultrasonically-assisted freeze-thawed (U-FT) treatments on the effects of freeze-thawed (FT) and ultrasonic-assisted freeze-thawed (U-FT) treatments on the oil-absorption characteristics and structural properties of mung bean starch. The influence of ultrasound-assisted freeze-thawed treatment on the changes of oil absorption and structural properties of MBS was evaluated by analyzing the oil absorption rate, adsorption properties, particle size distribution, contact angle, functional groups, crystalline properties, thermal properties and microstructure. The results showed that both FT-MBS and U-FT-MBS decreased the oil absorption of starch, in which ultrasonic power of 180 W and two freeze-thaw cycles resulted in a significant decrease in the oil absorption of MBS (P<0.05) and a remarkable increase in the water absorption of starch (P<0.05). And the total oil adsorption rate of MBS obtained from both treatments reduced by 5.51% and 10.25% respectively in starch-oil simulated frying system compared to the original starch. The results of structural characterization revealed that FT-MBS had a rough surface and a denser structure; U-FT-MBS particles had larger and irregular shapes, and the changes in the moiety and rough surface altered the starch's oleophobicity. The two treatments resulted in a decrease in the specific surface area of the MBS particles and an enlarged average particle size, which resulted in an increase in the oleophobicity of the starch granules and a decrease in the degree of crystallinity by 3.61% and 6.54%, respectively. Taken together, the modified treatments reduced the oil absorption of MBS before and after frying. A significant reduction in oil absorption was observed for U-FT-MBS, which was attributed to the fact that this treatment enhanced the interaction between MBS and water molecules, altered the short-range ordered structure of starch, delayed the pasting process, and reduced the decomposition of the starch structure during deep-frying, which in turn inhibited the penetration of oil.

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刘欣,苗雪,陈洪生,刁静静,李美麒.超声辅助冻融处理对绿豆淀粉吸油率和结构特性的影响[J].中国食品学报,2025,(1):252-261

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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-27
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-03-05
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