脉冲超声处理对桃浆凝胶及重组果脯品质影响
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(1.中国农业科学院农产品加工研究所 农业农村部加工重点实验室 北京100193;2.沈阳农业大学食品学院 沈阳 110866)

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现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-30-5-02)


Effect of Pulse Ultrasonic Treatment on the Quality of Peach Pulp Gel and Recombinant Preserved Fruit
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(1.Key Laboratory of Agro-products Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193;2.College of Food Science, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang 110866)

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    摘要:

    以桃浆为主要基质,辅以卡拉胶和赤藓糖醇,制备卡拉胶-赤藓糖醇-桃浆复合凝胶。利用脉冲超声(28,40 kHz和28 kHz+40 kHz)预处理改善复合凝胶理化特性,耦合后端热风脱水干燥处理获得重组桃果脯。结果表明,随脉冲超声频率的增加,桃浆复合凝胶的弹性模量(G')和损耗模量(G")分别显著降低至707.00 Pa和177.00 Pa,颗粒均匀性显著改善,其中双频(28 kHz+40 kHz)处理组复合凝胶的D50和D[4,3]下降幅度最为显著,降幅分别为8.77%和6.40%。相较于对照组,双频处理组T22显著左移,移动幅度为29.38%,表明强烈的空化和湍流效应使复合凝胶中不易流动水的缔合性增强。脉冲超声处理显著改善了复合凝胶的电学特性,相较于对照组,双频处理组的电导率和相位角分别增加6.38%和15.25%,阻抗降低38.02%。显微成像试验表明双频处理组复合凝胶样品形成更为致密的凝胶结构,孔腔中无明显赤藓糖醇分子附着。重组桃果脯制备后端持续的热量作用于复合凝胶,使不易流动水为主要水组分。随着脉冲超声频率的增加,T22显著左移至(382.77±0.77) ms。质构分析表明,双频处理组的重组果脯的咀嚼性和胶着性相较于对照组分别显著下降至(3.73±0.83)N和(7.47±1.85) N,这与其均匀紧凑的微观结构,平整的内部结构相一致。本研究结果可为以果浆为基质的重组果脯制品研发和品质调控提供理论参考。

    Abstract:

    Peach pulp was selected as the food matrix, in which carrageenan and erythritol was added to prepared the carrageenan-erythritol-peach pulp composite gel. Pulsed ultrasound pretreatment (28 kHz, 40 kHz and 28 kHz + 40 kHz) was utilized to improve the physio-chemical properties of the compound gel, and then post-hot air drying was applied to obtain the recombinant preserved peaches. Results showed that with the increase in pulsed ultrasonic frequency, the elastic modulus (G') and loss modulus (G") of the compound gel were significantly decreased to 707.00 Pa and 177.00 Pa, respectively. Meanwhile. Pulsed ultrasound pretreatment significantly improved the homogeneity of the particles of the composite gel. Especially, the most significant decreases in D50 and D[4,3] were both obtained in the dual-frequency (28 kHz + 40 kHz) treatment group, with the decreases of 8.77% and 6.40%, respectively. Compared with the control group, T22 in the dual-frequency treatment group was significantly left shifted (about 29.38%), which indicated the increased association of the immobilized water owning to the strong cavitation and turbulence effects. Additionally, the electrical properties of compound gel was significantly improved by the pulsed ultrasound pretreatment. Compared with the control group, the conductivity and phase angle of the dual-frequency treatment group increased by 6.38% and 15.25%, respectively, while the impedance was decreased by 38.02%. The dense microstructure was found in the dual-frequency treatment group without obvious erythritol adhered the surface of pores. For preparing the recombinant preserved peaches, the continuous heat from post-hot air-drying changes the moisture status and distribution, meanwhile, the immobilized water was the dominant water in recombinant preserved peaches. The pronounced left-shift to (382.77±0.77) ms in T22 was observed with the increase in pulsed ultrasonic frequency. Texture analysis illustrated the significant decline in chewiness (3.73±0.83) N and gumminess (7.47±1.85) N in the samples with dual-frequency pulsed ultrasonic pretreatment in compared with the control group, which was associated with the homogeneous, dense and flat microstructure. This study might provide theoretical basis for producing and control the quality of recombinant preserved fruits within fruit pulps as the main matrices.

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王静萱,吕明月,毕金峰,吕健.脉冲超声处理对桃浆凝胶及重组果脯品质影响[J].中国食品学报,2025,25(3):307-316

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  • 收稿日期:2024-03-16
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-05-23
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