The effect of culture conditions （initial pH， temperature and inoculum size） on the survival of Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 during freeze drying was investigated using single factor method. Based on these datas， the optimum culture conditions were obtained by response surface methodology. The results showed that the optimal culture conditions of Lactobacillus plantarum LIP-1 were pH 6.7， temperature 36 ℃， inoculum size 8.8%. Under this culture conditions， the number of viable cells of LIP-1 by high-density fermentation was 10.1855 lg（CFU/mL） and the survival rate of freeze-dried was 83.40%. Compared with the basic culture conditions increased by 0.2935 lg（CFU/mL） and 8.46% respectively， and showing a significant increase （P<0.05）. The results indicated that the optimum culture conditions is benefit to increase the number of viable cells through high-density fermentationthe and improve the survival rate of freeze-dried of lactic acid bacteria.